Claude Code transcript

11 prompts · 715 messages · 262 tool calls · 2 commits · 3 pages

#1

Implement the following plan:

Plan: Get Course Module to Compile

Context

The occam2go transpiler has all the individual language features needed for the course module, but when transpiling the actual course.module file (which #INCLUDEs 8 source files), the parser hits several unsupported syntactic patterns that are pervasive in real-world occam code. Previous sessions fixed parser infinite loops; this session gets the module actually compiling.

Error Categories (from attempting ./occam2go -I kroc/modules/course/libsrc -o course_out.go kroc/modules/course/libsrc/course.module)

Phase 1: Parser fixes for core files (utils.occ, string.occ, demo_cycles.occ, demo_nets.occ, file_in.occ, random.occ)

Fix 1: Shared-type parameters (~50+ errors, affects every file) - Occam allows CHAN INT in?, out! (two params sharing CHAN INT type), VAL INT a, b, c (three params sharing VAL INT), etc. - Parser currently expects a full type declaration for each parameter after a comma - File: parser/parser.goparseProcParams() (~line 1864) - Fix: After consuming a comma, peek at the next token. If it's an IDENT (not a type keyword/CHAN/VAL/[), re-use the previous param's type/flags and just parse name + optional direction - Examples: PROC plus (CHAN INT in.1?, in.2?, out!), PROC cursor.x.y (VAL BYTE x, y, CHAN BYTE out!)

Fix 2: VAL []TYPE abbreviations (~5 errors) - VAL []BYTE cmap IS "0123456789ABCDEF": — array abbreviation - parseAbbreviation() (line 317) only handles scalar types after VAL - File: parser/parser.goparseAbbreviation() - File: ast/ast.goAbbreviation struct needs IsOpenArray bool - File: codegen/codegen.gogenerateAbbreviation() needs to handle array type - Fix: Check for [ after VAL; if []TYPE, set IsOpenArray = true and parse the element type

Fix 3: [arr FOR n] shorthand slices (~8 errors) - Occam shorthand for [arr FROM 0 FOR n] - Parser requires FROM keyword but source uses FOR directly - File: parser/parser.go — slice expression parsing (~line 2495) and parseSliceAssignment() (~line 564) - Fix: After parsing array expr, if next token is FOR (not FROM), use integer literal 0 as start

Fix 4: Multi-line parameter lists (~4 errors) - PROC ask.string (VAL []BYTE prompt, []BYTE s, INT length,\n VAL INT max, CHAN BYTE in?, out!) - The lexer emits NEWLINE tokens inside (...) which breaks param parsing - File: parser/parser.goparseProcParams() - Fix: Skip NEWLINE tokens at the start of each param iteration and after consuming commas

Fix 5: RESULT parameter qualifier (~4 errors, float_io.occ) - PROC foo (RESULT INT len, RESULT []BYTE string, VAL REAL32 X, ...) - RESULT in parameter position means output-only (write, don't read). Semantically same as non-VAL (pointer) in Go. - File: parser/parser.goparseProcParams() - Fix: Add lexer.RESULT check similar to VAL check; just skip the keyword (it maps to pointer params like non-VAL)

Phase 2: float_io.occ specific fixes

Fix 6: Fixed-size array parameters [n]TYPE - VAL [2]INT X — fixed-size array parameter - File: parser/parser.goparseProcParams() - File: ast/ast.goProcParam needs ArraySize field - File: codegen/codegen.go — param type generation - Fix: When [ is followed by an integer (not ]), parse as [n]TYPE

Fix 7: RETYPES - VAL INT X RETYPES X : — reinterpret REAL32 bits as INT - VAL [2]INT X RETYPES X : — reinterpret REAL64 as two INTs - File: parser/parser.go, ast/ast.go, codegen/codegen.go - Fix: Parse as a new RetypesDecl statement. Codegen uses math.Float32frombits/Float64bits or unsafe pointer casts

Fix 8: Transputer intrinsics (LONGPROD, LONGDIV, LONGSUM, LONGDIFF, NORMALISE, SHIFTRIGHT, SHIFTLEFT) - Extended-precision arithmetic for float-to-string conversion - ~50+ occurrences in float_io.occ - Fix: Parse as function calls (they already look like a, b := LONGPROD(x, y, z)). Implement as Go helper functions using math/bits or uint64 arithmetic

Fix 9: CAUSEERROR() - Error-raising primitive - Fix: Parse as procedure call, generate panic("CAUSEERROR")

Implementation Order (Phase 1 only — float_io.occ deferred)

  1. Fix 1 (shared-type params) — unlocks most PROCs
  2. Fix 4 (multi-line params) — needed for a few PROCs
  3. Fix 2 (VAL []TYPE abbreviations)
  4. Fix 3 ([arr FOR n] slices)
  5. Fix 5 (RESULT qualifier) — only needed for float_io.occ, include for completeness
  6. Create a reduced course_nofloat.module excluding float_io.occ for testing
  7. Fix any remaining codegen issues that emerge when Go-compiling the output

Phase 2 (float_io.occ) deferred to a future session.

Files to Modify

  • parser/parser.go — Fixes 1-6
  • ast/ast.go — Fixes 2, 6 (add IsOpenArray to Abbreviation, ArraySize to ProcParam)
  • codegen/codegen.go — Fixes 2, 6 (abbreviation and param generation)
  • lexer/token.go — May need RESULT as a recognized keyword (check if already present)

Verification

After each fix:

go test ./...                    # ensure existing tests still pass

After all Phase 1 fixes:

# Transpile course module excluding float_io.occ (create a reduced module file)
# Or transpile the full module with -D TARGET.BITS.PER.WORD=32 and check which errors remain
./occam2go -I kroc/modules/course/libsrc -D TARGET.BITS.PER.WORD=32 -o course_out.go kroc/modules/course/libsrc/course.module 2>&1

# If float_io.occ is too complex, create a course_nofloat.module that excludes it
# and verify the rest compiles:
# go build course_out.go

After all Phase 1 fixes:

# Create a course_nofloat.module that excludes float_io.occ
# Transpile it:
./occam2go -I kroc/modules/course/libsrc -D TARGET.BITS.PER.WORD=32 -o course_out.go course_nofloat.module
# Verify Go compilation:
go build course_out.go

If you need specific details from before exiting plan mode (like exact code snippets, error messages, or content you generated), read the full transcript at: /home/david/.claude/projects/-home-david-projects-code-associates-occam2go/165f2ab5-3d3c-45b5-b8be-71d8e1cc5d3e.jsonl

64 read · 64 edit · 49 bash · 41 grep · 11 taskupdate · 7 taskcreate · 3 task · 1 write

The lexer doesn't suppress INDENT/DEDENT inside parentheses. The cleanest fix is to handle this in the parser. Let me look at the approach:

For parseProcParams(), I need to also skip INDENT/DEDENT tokens. For multi-line expressions, I need to add a paren depth counter to the parser to allow expressions to span lines when inside parens.

Let me first fix parseProcParams() — skip INDENT/DEDENT inside the param list:

The key line is 2645 — the infix loop stops at NEWLINE. I need to modify the approach. Rather than tracking paren depth everywhere, a simpler and more targeted approach: in the grouped expression parsing (LPAREN case at line 2548), track paren depth, and in nextToken() or parseExpression, skip NEWLINE/INDENT/DEDENT when parenDepth > 0.

Let me update the LPAREN case in parseExpression and the infix loop:

Down from 629 to 611 but still many errors. The 916 and 1221 errors changed from "expected type in parameter, got INDENT" to "expected indented body after PROC declaration" — meaning the params are now parsed, but the INDENT/DEDENT skipping inside the param list consumed indentation that the PROC body parser needs. And line 1968 changed to "expected indented block after WHILE condition" — similar issue.

The problem is that when we skip INDENT tokens inside parseProcParams(), we're consuming the INDENT that should start the PROC body. The INDENT/DEDENT tokens inside param lists change p.indentLevel via nextToken(). I need to understand how nextToken() handles indentation:

I see — nextToken() already modifies indentLevel for INDENT/DEDENT. So when we skip these tokens in parseProcParams, the indentLevel gets wrong. The real issue is that the lexer shouldn't emit INDENT/DEDENT inside parentheses. The best fix is at the lexer level — suppress INDENT/DEDENT when inside (...).

The dots-in-identifiers issue is pervasive — it happens in function names, variable names, parameters, proc calls, etc. The simplest fix is to add a sanitizeIdent function and apply it wherever identifiers appear.

Let me look at how identifiers flow through the system. The occam identifier out.repeat is stored as a string. In Go, we need to replace . with _. Let me add a sanitizer and apply it at all key points in codegen:

Excellent research. The most efficient approach is to apply goIdent at the key output points. The single most impactful change is the *ast.Identifier case in generateExpression (covers all expression identifiers). Then I'll handle declarations, assignments, and other structural outputs.

Let me do this systematically. First, let me read and edit the key sections:

I also need to handle the printBuiltins map lookups and the procSigs/refParams/recordVars lookups which use the raw occam name. These maps are populated with occam names, and we look up with occam names, so as long as we're consistent that should be fine. Let me also update the print call generator:

The issue is in the codegen for proc calls - when a VAL []BYTE parameter is passed a string literal, we need to wrap it with []byte(...). Let me look at how proc call arguments are generated:

The fix should be in generateProcCall: when the param is IsOpenArray and the arg is a *ast.StringLiteral, wrap with []byte(...). Actually, this is better handled in generateExpression for *ast.StringLiteral when we know the context is a []byte parameter. But that would require context-awareness.

A simpler approach: in generateProcCall, when a parameter is IsOpenArray with type BYTE, wrap string literal args with []byte(...).

I see — abbreviations like VAL BYTE FLUSH IS 255: go into mainStatements and get generated inside func main(). But the course module has no main() — it's a library. These constants are local to main() but PROCs at package level reference them.

The issue is that top-level abbreviations need to be generated as package-level var declarations. Let me add *ast.Abbreviation to the sorting logic:

The test abbreviations are standalone (top-level only, no PROCs), so they now go through the package-level var path instead of :=. The issue is that abbreviations that are alone (no PROCs) should still use := in main(). The real distinction should be: if there are any proc/func declarations, abbreviations must be at package level; otherwise they can be in main().

Actually, the cleaner fix is: abbreviations only need to be at package level when there are PROCs that might reference them. Let me check if the tests have abbreviations alone or with procs:

The circular include test fails because the second inclusion is now silently skipped (returns "", no error). The issue is that included is now blocking the second include before the processing check can detect the circular dependency. I need to check included only in resolveAndInclude, not in ProcessFile. Let me revert the ProcessFile change — the included map should only be set in resolveAndInclude after successfully processing:

Good progress! Two categories of issues: 1. FLUSH is int instead of byteVAL BYTE FLUSH IS 255: should generate byte(255), not 255 2. Pointer/value mismatch — non-VAL BYTE params are *byte but channel receives give byte

Issue 1: The abbreviation codegen doesn't include type info. For package-level var declarations, I need to include the type. Let me fix the package-level abbreviation generation:

Issue 2: The non-VAL BYTE params like ch get type *byte but channel receive gives byte. This is a deeper issue — in occam, non-VAL parameters mean pass-by-reference, but channel receives into them should work. The problem is that the codegen generates ch = <-in where ch is *byte. Let me look at what the occam source does:

I also need to handle expressions that compare ref params — in the generated code we have ch == byte(32) where ch is *byte. This is already handled in generateExpression for *ast.Identifier — but wait, the identifier case just outputs the name. When ch is a ref param, it should be *ch in expressions. Let me check if there's already handling for this:

There's no dereference of ref params in the identifier expression output. The issue is that *ast.Identifier for a ref param should output *ch. But this would break things in places where we already handle deref (assignments, receives). Actually, looking at existing code, assignments already add * for ref params. But expression contexts (like ch == byte(32)) don't.

The cleanest approach: add dereference in the *ast.Identifier case of generateExpression:

But this will cause issues with assignments that already add *. The assignment code does:

if g.refParams[assign.Name] {
    g.write("*")
}
g.write(goIdent(assign.Name))

This directly writes the name — it doesn't go through generateExpression. So the double-deref issue doesn't apply for assignments. Let me check — what about array indexing expressions where the array is a ref param? Like (*ch)[i]? Let me look at the IndexExpr case:

The existing IndexExpr case in generateExpression calls g.generateExpression(e.Left) which would now add * for ref params. And then [index]. So d[0] where d is a ref param would become *d[0] which is wrong — should be (*d)[0]. But actually, in occam, if a non-VAL param is an array, it's usually []TYPE (open array) which maps to Go slice (no pointer). The pointer is only for scalar non-VAL params. Let me verify that open array params are not in refParams:

Looking at parseProcParams → in generateProcDecl, the refParams logic:

if !p.IsVal && !p.IsChan && !p.IsChanArray && !p.IsOpenArray {
    newRefParams[p.Name] = true
}

So open array params are excluded from refParams. Good, only scalars get *. But in generateExpression*ast.Identifier, we're now always dereferencing ref params in expressions. This should be OK since ref params are always scalars, and scalar refs should always be dereferenced in expression contexts.

But wait — what about g.generateExpression being called from generateAssignment for the RHS? The RHS is the value expression, not the LHS. The LHS handling in generateAssignment writes the name directly (not through generateExpression). So this should be fine.

Let me also handle send — when sending a ref param's value over a channel, we need *ch:

Getting very close! Issues: 1. Unused variables — these are ref params that get dereferenced. When occam writes INT length: and then in ? length, the Go codegen creates var length int but then uses *length = <-in which doesn't use length directly (wait, actually length IS used as *length). Let me look at the actual generated code:

I see — the occam code has VAL INT length IS SIZE s: followed by more code. The parser correctly parsed length := len(s) but is missing the statements inside the VALOF block that use length. The function body parsing is incomplete — the parser may be failing to parse the nested SEQ/IF inside VALOF.

This is a deeper issue — the "declared and not used" errors are mostly from partially-parsed function bodies. The string-to-[]byte issue ("0123456789+-" passed to byte_in_string) is the same pattern as before. Let me fix the string→[]byte conversion for function calls too:

For the "declared and not used" errors, these are a Go compilation strictness issue. The simplest fix is to use _ = varname to mark them used, but really the root cause is incomplete parsing of function bodies. Let me check if we can just suppress these with a _ = length approach.

Actually, a better approach: Go won't compile with unused variables. The root cause is that the parser is silently failing on some constructs inside function bodies, leaving variables unused. Let me first check the unused variable issue — is length actually used further in the function but the codegen drops it?

The function body is nearly empty — it declares ok, x, computes length, then immediately returns. But in the occam source, there are many more statements inside the VALOF block. The parser is likely failing on something inside the body and dropping the rest. Let me check what the parse errors are for this function by examining the occam source more carefully:

The issue is likely that VAL INT length IS SIZE s: is being parsed but the subsequent INT start, n.digits: multi-variable declaration followed by complex nested SEQ/IF blocks are either being skipped or causing parse errors. Since there are 0 parse errors reported for the nofloat module, the parser isn't erroring — it's just not parsing all statements.

This could be an issue with indentation handling or with certain statement patterns. Let me do a targeted test — the convert.num.chars function has lots of comments like --{{{ and --}}} which the preprocessor should ignore. But there may be something going wrong.

Let me compile a simpler test first to see how far we can get:

This is a function call expression (byte_in_string), not a proc call. The generateFuncCallExpr I just updated should handle this. Let me check — byte_in_string is defined as a FUNCTION in occam. Let me check if its signature is in procSigs. Actually, the issue is at line 634 - byte_in_string is called directly in an expression, not as a proc call. So it goes through generateFuncCallExpr. My recent fix should handle this already.

Let me rebuild and test:

The string→[]byte error is fixed! Now only "declared and not used" errors remain. These are all from partially-parsed function bodies. The quickest fix for compilation is to add _ = varname for variables that go unused. But the proper fix would be to figure out why the parser drops these statements.

Let me investigate the root cause. The convert_num_chars function is the clearest example:

The VALOF body has INT start, n.digits: — multi-variable declaration, then BOOL positive:, then a complex nested SEQ/IF. The fact that length shows up in the Go output but nothing else does suggests the parser stops parsing after VAL INT length IS SIZE s:. The issue might be with multi-name variable declarations like INT start, n.digits:.

Let me check what happens when the parser encounters n.digits — it has a dot in the name. The lexer should handle dotted identifiers:

Good — dots are part of identifiers in the lexer. So n.digits is a valid IDENT token. The INT start, n.digits: multi-variable declaration should work too since parseVarDeclOrAbbreviation handles comma-separated names.

The issue is likely something else. Let me check the other unused variables too. Let me look at line 409 (any) and line 588 (length_a, length_b):

Wait, any IS used on line 410: any = <-in. But Go says it's unused. Let me look more carefully... any is declared as var any byte on line 409, then assigned on line 410 as any = <-in. But any is never read after that, hence "declared and not used" in Go. In occam, this is fine — the purpose is to discard channel values. In Go, we should use _ = <-in instead.

But this is really an occam semantic issue — the variable is a sink. For now, the simplest fix is to add _ = varName after variable declarations. But actually, these are occam patterns that genuinely don't read the variable — they just discard channel input.

The real issue with convert_num_chars is different though — length IS used in the occam source (it's used in expressions like length - 1). The parser must be dropping statements. Let me investigate by adding a small test:

The parser generates length := len(s) but then drops INT start, n.digits:, BOOL positive:, SEQ, and x := length. The RESULT ok, x becomes return ok, x. So the VALOF body declarations and the SEQ block are being lost.

The issue is in how VALOF is parsed. Let me look at the VALOF parsing:

Found it. The VALOF body parsing at line 2207 calls p.parseStatement() which only parses ONE statement. But a VALOF body can have multiple declarations followed by a process (like a PROC body). The declarations inside VALOF (like VAL INT length IS SIZE s:, INT start, n.digits:, BOOL positive:) are followed by the SEQ process. The current code only parses one statement.

I need to parse the VALOF body like a block — using parseBlockStatements:

The parseBlockStatements consumes too much — it eats the RESULT token. The issue is that parseBlockStatements treats RESULT as just another statement (since it's a keyword), but it should stop before RESULT in a VALOF context.

The problem is parseBlockStatements is a general-purpose block parser and doesn't know about RESULT. I need to either: (1) teach it to stop at RESULT, or (2) use a different approach for VALOF body.

The simplest approach: parse the VALOF body like a proc body — multiple declarations and statements, stopping when we hit RESULT or when we DEDENT back:

The variable _ifmatched is already declared in the same function scope, and this is a second use of _ifmatched := false which fails because := requires at least one new variable. The issue is that _ifmatched is a codegen-internal variable that gets re-declared.

Let me check where _ifmatched is generated:

For any — these are variables that receive from channels but are never read. The pattern is "read and discard". In Go, this should use _ = <-in. The cleanest fix is in the codegen: after generating a var statement, if the variable is only ever assigned via channel receive, use _. But that's complex.

A simpler approach: for the any case, the variable IS used (it's assigned), but Go's stricter "unused" check means "never read". For ok, it's declared but never assigned or read (the parser dropped the statements that use it).

The quickest fix for Go compilation: add a _ = varname suppression. But rather than doing that, let me add a Go compilation pass that suppresses unused variable errors. Actually, the simplest and most correct approach is to add _ = varname for every variable declaration in the codegen:

No, that's ugly. A better approach: use _ directly in the receive when the variable is never read. But that requires flow analysis.

The simplest approach that doesn't require semantic analysis: make the codegen output var _ = <-in instead of var any byte; any = <-in. But that changes semantics.

Actually, the cleanest fix: in generateVarDecl, add _ = name after the var declaration. This is a common Go pattern for suppressing unused variable errors:

Everything is in good shape. Here's the Phase 1 summary:

Phase 1 Complete - The course module (excluding float_io.occ) transpiles and compiles successfully.

What was implemented:

Parser fixes: - Shared-type parameters (CHAN INT in?, out! — re-use previous type after comma) - Multi-line parameter lists (lexer-level INDENT/DEDENT/NEWLINE suppression inside parentheses) - RESULT qualifier in parameters (parsed and skipped, maps to pointer like non-VAL) - Fixed-size array parameters [n]TYPE - VAL []TYPE abbreviations (open array abbreviations) - [arr FOR n] shorthand slices (defaults start to 0) - MINUS keyword as prefix unary operator - Multi-statement VALOF bodies

Codegen fixes: - goIdent() — dots in identifiers replaced with underscores throughout - String→[]byte auto-wrapping for []BYTE params - Package-level var declarations for top-level abbreviations (with proper types) - Ref param auto-dereferencing in expressions and receives - Unique _ifmatched flag names per IF block - _ = varname suppression for unused variables

Preprocessor: - Include-once tracking to prevent duplicate definitions

Results:

  • All existing tests pass
  • Zero parse errors on course_nofloat.module
  • go vet passes cleanly on the output
  • Only "no main function" (expected — it's a library module)

Phase 2 (float_io.occ with RETYPES, transputer intrinsics, CAUSEERROR) is deferred to a future session per the plan.

#2

Is this a good place to make a PR for the current changes?

8 bash
987f0a3
Support real-world occam syntax for course module transpilation
#3

Thank you. Is there anything you'd like to save in CLAUDE.md about the work that would help when the next phase is tackled in a future session?

1 read

I'd suggest two updates:

  1. CLAUDE.md — Update "What's Implemented" and "Not Yet Implemented" to reflect the new features, and add a section about testing against the course module (useful project-level info for anyone).

  2. MEMORY.md — Save Phase 2 details so I have context in the next session.

Here's what I'd add:

CLAUDE.md updates: - Add to "What's Implemented": shared-type params, multi-line params, RESULT qualifier, [n]TYPE params, VAL []TYPE abbreviations, [arr FOR n] slices, paren-depth INDENT suppression, goIdent() dot→underscore, include-once - Add to "Not Yet Implemented": RETYPES, transputer intrinsics, CAUSEERROR - Add a "Course Module Testing" section with the transpile/vet commands

MEMORY.md: - Phase 2 plan details (RETYPES, LONGPROD/LONGDIV/etc., CAUSEERROR) - The course_nofloat.module file and its purpose - Key lessons learned (lexer-level paren suppression, goIdent() pattern)

Want me to go ahead and make those edits?

#4

Thank you. Please push these changes to the PR.

5 edit · 2 bash · 1 read · 1 write

Pushed to the PR. The CLAUDE.md updates cover:

  • Lexer: documented paren-depth INDENT/DEDENT suppression
  • Mapping table: added [n]TYPE params, RESULT qualifier, shared-type params, VAL []TYPE abbreviations, [arr FOR m] shorthand
  • What's Implemented: updated with all Phase 1 features
  • Course Module Testing: new section with the transpile/vet commands
  • Not Yet Implemented: lists Phase 2 items (RETYPES, transputer intrinsics, CAUSEERROR)

I also saved Phase 2 details and key patterns to my MEMORY.md for the next session.

ba39c57
Update CLAUDE.md with Phase 1 features and Phase 2 roadmap
#5

Ok, I assume MEMORY.md should not be committed to the repository. Just left in the local directory for the next session?

#6

Thanks. Good to know. What if I am working on two projects on the same computer? Does it handle that ok?

Yes, it's scoped per project. Notice the memory path includes the project directory encoded in it:

~/.claude/projects/-home-david-projects-code-associates-occam2go/memory/

If you had another project at, say, /home/david/projects/other-thing, it would get its own separate memory directory:

~/.claude/projects/-home-david-projects-other-thing/memory/

So each project's memory is isolated — no cross-contamination.

#7

Ah, I see.

#8

If the PR has been approved and passed CI checks, please merge.

4 bash
#10

/exit exit

#11

Catch you later!

#9

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