Claude Code transcript - page 7/8

User2026-05-05T01:33:07.198Z

There is one thing that I believe needs to be changed: I noticed in the user-facing messages that we're still using the "droplet" terminology. With the addition of GCP I think this is incongruous. I think it might be ok to just use the word "machine". After all that's the name of the tool.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:33:10.241Z

Thinking

Assistant2026-05-05T01:33:11.355Z

Agreed — "droplet" is DigitalOcean-specific jargon and reads oddly when the active provider is Vultr or GCP. Let me find every user-facing usage.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:33:12.465Z

$ Bash

Find all droplet references in source and README

grep -rn -i "droplet" /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/ /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md 2>&1

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:33:12.532Z

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/util.py:55:        "droplet": vm,
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:25:def _droplet_to_vm(droplet) -> VM:
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:26:    region = droplet.region
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:30:        id=str(droplet.id),
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:31:        name=droplet.name,
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:32:        tags=droplet.tags,
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:34:        ip_address=droplet.ip_address,
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:35:        status=droplet.status,
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:51:        droplet = digitalocean.Droplet(
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:63:            droplet.create()
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:66:        return _droplet_to_vm(droplet)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:69:        droplet = self._manager.get_droplet(vm_id)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:70:        return _droplet_to_vm(droplet)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:74:            droplet = self._manager.get_droplet(vm_id)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:77:        result = droplet.destroy()
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:82:            droplets = self._manager.get_all_droplets(tag_name=tag)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:84:            droplets = self._manager.get_all_droplets()
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:85:        return [_droplet_to_vm(d) for d in droplets]
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:148:        project.assign_resource([f"do:droplet:{vm_id}"])
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/status.py:44:        status = {"name": vm.name, "id": vm.id, "droplet-status": vm.status, status_check: "UNKNOWN"}
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py:20:@click.argument("droplet-ids", nargs=-1)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py:22:def command(context, confirm, delete_dns, all, droplet_ids):
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py:27:    for droplet_id in droplet_ids:
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py:28:        vm = provider.get_vm(droplet_id)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py:32:            fatal_error(f'ERROR: Cannot destroy droplet "{name}" (id: {vm.id}), it was not created by machine.')
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py:36:                f'ERROR: Cannot destroy droplet "{name}" (id: {vm.id}), it was created by a different session of machine.'
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py:42:                f' DELETE/DESTROY droplet "{name}" (id: {vm.id})'
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py:48:        result = provider.destroy_vm(droplet_id)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/create.py:92:                log_output(f"New droplet created with id: {vm.id}")
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/create.py:98:            info(f"Assigned droplet to project: {config.project}")
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/create.py:110:                log_output("Waiting for droplet IP address")
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md:334:Usage: machine destroy [OPTIONS] [DROPLET-IDS]...
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md:375:- `--quiet`: droplet IDs only
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md:425:    "droplet-status": "active",
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md:464:    "droplet": {

Assistant2026-05-05T01:33:13.047Z

$ Bash

Find droplet references in tests

grep -rn -i "droplet" /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/ 2>&1

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:33:13.100Z

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:16:- A project to assign droplets to
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:24:| `droplet` | read, create, delete | Creating, listing, and destroying test droplets |
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:27:| `project` | read, update | Listing projects and assigning droplets to them |
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:28:| `tag` | read, create | Tagging droplets by type and custom tags |
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:65:| `E2E_PROJECT` | Yes | DO project to assign droplets to |
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py:16:    E2E_PROJECT     - DO project name to assign droplets to
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py:166:    """Extract the instance ID from CLI output like 'New droplet created with id: 12345'.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:33:48.249Z

Thinking

Assistant2026-05-05T01:33:48.996Z

⚙ Read

{
  "file_path": "/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md",
  "offset": 325,
  "limit": 150
}

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:33:49.010Z

325	
326	If a `project` is configured (DigitalOcean only), the machine is automatically assigned to that project.
327	
328	#### destroy
329	
330	Destroy one or more machines by instance ID. By default, requires confirmation and deletes associated DNS records.
331	
332	```
333	$ machine destroy --help
334	Usage: machine destroy [OPTIONS] [DROPLET-IDS]...
335	
336	  Destroy one or more machines
337	
338	Options:
339	  --confirm / --no-confirm       Require confirmation (default: on)
340	  --delete-dns / --no-delete-dns Delete associated DNS records (default: on)
341	  --all                          Include machines not created by this tool
342	                                 or by other sessions
343	  -h, --help                     Show this message and exit.
344	```
345	
346	Confirmation requires typing exactly `YES` (not "y", "yes", or "Yes"). Use `--no-confirm` to skip.
347	
348	Safety checks prevent destroying machines that were not created by this tool or that belong to a different session, unless `--all` is specified.
349	
350	#### list
351	
352	List machines with optional filtering.
353	
354	```
355	$ machine list --help
356	Usage: machine list [OPTIONS]
357	
358	  List machines
359	
360	Options:
361	  --id <MACHINE-ID>       Filter by id
362	  -n, --name <MACHINE-NAME>  Filter by name
363	  -t, --tag <TAG-TEXT>    Filter by tag
364	  -m, --type <MACHINE-TYPE>  Filter by type
365	  -r, --region <REGION>   Filter by region
366	  -o, --output <FORMAT>   Output format (json)
367	  -q, --quiet             Only display machine IDs
368	  --unique                Return an error if more than one match
369	  --all                   Include all machines from all sessions
370	  -h, --help              Show this message and exit.
371	```
372	
373	Output formats:
374	- Default: `name (id, region, type): ip_address`
375	- `--quiet`: droplet IDs only
376	- `--output json`: JSON array of machine objects
377	
378	JSON output example:
379	```json
380	[
381	  {
382	    "id": "12345678",
383	    "name": "my-machine",
384	    "tags": ["machine:created", "machine:type:example", "machine:session:abc12345"],
385	    "region": "nyc3",
386	    "ip": "203.0.113.10",
387	    "type": "example"
388	  }
389	]
390	```
391	
392	#### status
393	
394	Check the status of machines, including querying a custom status endpoint.
395	
396	```
397	$ machine status --help
398	Usage: machine status [OPTIONS]
399	
400	  Machine status
401	
402	Options:
403	  --id <MACHINE-ID>          Filter by id
404	  -n, --name <MACHINE-NAME>  Filter by name
405	  -t, --tag <TAG-TEXT>       Filter by tag
406	  -m, --type <MACHINE-TYPE>  Filter by type
407	  -r, --region <REGION>      Filter by region
408	  -o, --output <FORMAT>      Output format (json)
409	  --status-check <CHECK>     Status check to perform (default: cloud-init-status)
410	  -q, --quiet                Only display machine IDs
411	  --all                      Include all machines from all sessions
412	  -h, --help                 Show this message and exit.
413	```
414	
415	Output formats:
416	- Default: human-readable status line
417	- `--output json`: JSON array of status objects
418	
419	JSON output example:
420	```json
421	[
422	  {
423	    "name": "my-machine",
424	    "id": "12345678",
425	    "droplet-status": "active",
426	    "cloud-init-status": "done"
427	  }
428	]
429	```
430	
431	In addition to the provider-reported instance status, this command queries each machine at `http://<ip>:4242/cgi-bin/<status-check>` (default: `cloud-init-status`) for custom status information. If the endpoint is unreachable, the status is reported as `UNKNOWN`.
432	
433	#### list-domain
434	
435	List DNS records within a domain zone.
436	
437	```
438	$ machine list-domain --help
439	Usage: machine list-domain [OPTIONS] [ZONE]
440	
441	  List domain records
442	
443	Options:
444	  -n, --name <RECORD-NAME>  Filter by record name
445	  -m, --type <RECORD-TYPE>  Filter by record type (default: A and AAAA, use * for all)
446	  -o, --output <FORMAT>     Output format (json)
447	  -q, --quiet               Only display record names
448	  --all                     Include all records from all sessions
449	  -h, --help                Show this message and exit.
450	```
451	
452	If `ZONE` is omitted, uses the `dns-zone` from config. By default, only shows A and AAAA records associated with machines from the current session.
453	
454	Output formats:
455	- Default: `name\ttype\tdata`
456	- `--quiet`: record names only
457	- `--output json`: JSON array of record objects
458	
459	JSON output example:
460	```json
461	[
462	  {
463	    "id": "98765432",
464	    "droplet": {
465	      "id": "12345678",
466	      "name": "my-machine",
467	      "tags": ["machine:created"],
468	      "region": "nyc3",
469	      "ip": "203.0.113.10",
470	      "type": "example"
471	    },
472	    "name": "my-machine",
473	    "fqdn": "my-machine.example.com",
474	    "zone": "example.com",

Assistant2026-05-05T01:33:49.517Z

⚙ Read

{
  "file_path": "/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py",
  "offset": 155,
  "limit": 25
}

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:33:49.525Z

155	    cmd = ["uv", "run", "machine"]
156	    if config_file:
157	        cmd += ["--config-file", str(config_file)]
158	    if session_id:
159	        cmd += ["--session-id", session_id]
160	    cmd += list(args)
161	    result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=300)
162	    return result
163	
164	
165	def _extract_instance_id(output_text):
166	    """Extract the instance ID from CLI output like 'New droplet created with id: 12345'.
167	
168	    Handles both numeric IDs (DigitalOcean) and UUID IDs (Vultr).
169	    """
170	    for line in output_text.splitlines():
171	        if "id:" in line.lower():
172	            parts = line.split("id:")
173	            if len(parts) >= 2:
174	                candidate = parts[-1].strip()
175	                if candidate:
176	                    return candidate
177	    return None
178	
179

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:22.682Z

Thinking

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:23.593Z

⚙ Read

{
  "file_path": "/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/status.py",
  "offset": 35,
  "limit": 20
}

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:23.612Z

35	@click.option("--quiet", "-q", is_flag=True, default=False, help="Only display machine IDs")
36	@click.pass_context
37	def command(context, id, name, tag, type, region, all, output, quiet, status_check):
38	    command_context: MainCmdCtx = context.obj
39	
40	    vms = get_vms(command_context, id, name, tag, type, region, all)
41	
42	    statuses = []
43	    for vm in vms:
44	        status = {"name": vm.name, "id": vm.id, "droplet-status": vm.status, status_check: "UNKNOWN"}
45	        try:
46	            r = requests.get(f"http://{vm.ip_address}:4242/cgi-bin/{status_check}")
47	            if 200 == r.status_code:
48	                status[status_check] = r.json()["status"]
49	        except:  # noqa: E722
50	            pass
51	        statuses.append(status)
52	
53	    if output == "json":
54	        print_json(statuses)

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:35.750Z

Thinking

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:37.111Z

Now I'll make the edits. Plan:

Prose in create.py and destroy.py (6 strings)
Click argument [DROPLET-IDS] → [MACHINE-IDS] in destroy.py (cascades to the Python param name)
JSON output field names: droplet → machine in util.py, droplet-status → machine-status in status.py
README to match (Usage line, prose, JSON examples)
test_e2e.py docstring (the test logic doesn't depend on the literal word)

Internal references in digitalocean.py (DO's SDK uses Droplet/get_droplet literally) stay as-is — those are provider implementation details.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:39.506Z

✏️ Edit create.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/create.py

−

                log_output(f"New droplet created with id: {vm.id}")

                log_output(f"New machine created with id: {vm.id}")

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:39.540Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/create.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:41.025Z

✏️ Edit create.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/create.py

−

            info(f"Assigned droplet to project: {config.project}")

            info(f"Assigned machine to project: {config.project}")

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:41.054Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/create.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:42.164Z

✏️ Edit create.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/create.py

−

                log_output("Waiting for droplet IP address")

                log_output("Waiting for machine IP address")

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:42.192Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/create.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:50.181Z

✏️ Edit destroy.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py

−

@click.argument("droplet-ids", nargs=-1)
@click.pass_context
def command(context, confirm, delete_dns, all, droplet_ids):
    command_context: MainCmdCtx = context.obj
    config = command_context.config
    provider = command_context.provider

    for droplet_id in droplet_ids:
        vm = provider.get_vm(droplet_id)
        name = vm.name

        if not is_machine_created(vm) and not all:
            fatal_error(f'ERROR: Cannot destroy droplet "{name}" (id: {vm.id}), it was not created by machine.')

        if not is_same_session(command_context, vm) and not all:
            fatal_error(
                f'ERROR: Cannot destroy droplet "{name}" (id: {vm.id}), it was created by a different session of machine.'
            )

        if confirm:
            output(
                "Type YES (not y or yes or Yes) to confirm that you want to permanently"
                f' DELETE/DESTROY droplet "{name}" (id: {vm.id})'
            )
            confirmation = input()
            if confirmation != "YES":
                fatal_error("Destroy operation aborted, not confirmed by user")

        result = provider.destroy_vm(droplet_id)

@click.argument("machine-ids", nargs=-1)
@click.pass_context
def command(context, confirm, delete_dns, all, machine_ids):
    command_context: MainCmdCtx = context.obj
    config = command_context.config
    provider = command_context.provider

    for machine_id in machine_ids:
        vm = provider.get_vm(machine_id)
        name = vm.name

        if not is_machine_created(vm) and not all:
            fatal_error(f'ERROR: Cannot destroy machine "{name}" (id: {vm.id}), it was not created by this tool.')

        if not is_same_session(command_context, vm) and not all:
            fatal_error(
                f'ERROR: Cannot destroy machine "{name}" (id: {vm.id}), it was created by a different session.'
            )

        if confirm:
            output(
                "Type YES (not y or yes or Yes) to confirm that you want to permanently"
                f' DELETE/DESTROY machine "{name}" (id: {vm.id})'
            )
            confirmation = input()
            if confirmation != "YES":
                fatal_error("Destroy operation aborted, not confirmed by user")

        result = provider.destroy_vm(machine_id)

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:50.227Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/destroy.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:51.266Z

✏️ Edit util.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/util.py

−

        "droplet": vm,

        "machine": vm,

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:51.317Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/util.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:52.795Z

✏️ Edit status.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/status.py

−

        status = {"name": vm.name, "id": vm.id, "droplet-status": vm.status, status_check: "UNKNOWN"}

        status = {"name": vm.name, "id": vm.id, "machine-status": vm.status, status_check: "UNKNOWN"}

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:52.855Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/subcommands/status.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:54.259Z

✏️ Edit README.md

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md

−

Usage: machine destroy [OPTIONS] [DROPLET-IDS]...

Usage: machine destroy [OPTIONS] [MACHINE-IDS]...

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:54.284Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:55.456Z

✏️ Edit README.md

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md

−

- `--quiet`: droplet IDs only

- `--quiet`: machine IDs only

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:55.470Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:56.480Z

✏️ Edit README.md

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md

−

    "droplet-status": "active",

    "machine-status": "active",

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:56.502Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:57.260Z

✏️ Edit README.md

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md

−

    "droplet": {

    "machine": {

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:57.287Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:34:58.906Z

✏️ Edit test_e2e.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py

−

    """Extract the instance ID from CLI output like 'New droplet created with id: 12345'.

    """Extract the instance ID from CLI output like 'New machine created with id: 12345'.

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:34:58.949Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:35:08.494Z

Now verify nothing was missed and lint/tests pass.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:35:09.658Z

$ Bash

Verify only intentional droplet references remain

grep -rn -i "droplet" /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/ /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/README.md /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/ 2>&1

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:35:09.705Z

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:25:def _droplet_to_vm(droplet) -> VM:
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:26:    region = droplet.region
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:30:        id=str(droplet.id),
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:31:        name=droplet.name,
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:32:        tags=droplet.tags,
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:34:        ip_address=droplet.ip_address,
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:35:        status=droplet.status,
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:51:        droplet = digitalocean.Droplet(
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:63:            droplet.create()
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:66:        return _droplet_to_vm(droplet)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:69:        droplet = self._manager.get_droplet(vm_id)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:70:        return _droplet_to_vm(droplet)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:74:            droplet = self._manager.get_droplet(vm_id)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:77:        result = droplet.destroy()
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:82:            droplets = self._manager.get_all_droplets(tag_name=tag)
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:84:            droplets = self._manager.get_all_droplets()
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:85:        return [_droplet_to_vm(d) for d in droplets]
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/machine/providers/digitalocean.py:148:        project.assign_resource([f"do:droplet:{vm_id}"])
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:16:- A project to assign droplets to
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:24:| `droplet` | read, create, delete | Creating, listing, and destroying test droplets |
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:27:| `project` | read, update | Listing projects and assigning droplets to them |
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:28:| `tag` | read, create | Tagging droplets by type and custom tags |
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md:65:| `E2E_PROJECT` | Yes | DO project to assign droplets to |
/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py:16:    E2E_PROJECT     - DO project name to assign droplets to

Assistant2026-05-05T01:35:11.314Z

$ Bash

Run lint and tests

./sh/lint.sh 2>&1 | tail -10 && echo "---" && uv run pytest 2>&1 | tail -10

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:35:14.404Z

Would reformat: machine/config.py
Would reformat: machine/constants.py
Would reformat: machine/providers/digitalocean.py
Would reformat: machine/providers/vultr.py
Would reformat: machine/subcommands/destroy.py
5 files would be reformatted, 23 files already formatted
All checks passed!
---
platform linux -- Python 3.12.3, pytest-9.0.2, pluggy-1.6.0
rootdir: /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine
configfile: pyproject.toml
collected 48 items / 14 deselected / 34 selected

tests/test_cli_integration.py .............                              [ 38%]
tests/test_config.py .............                                       [ 76%]
tests/test_input_validation.py ........                                  [100%]

====================== 34 passed, 14 deselected in 2.84s =======================

Assistant2026-05-05T01:35:22.911Z

Thinking

Assistant2026-05-05T01:35:31.455Z

All clean. 34 tests pass, lint clean on everything I touched (the 5 "would reformat" files are pre-existing in this branch — same set as before my edits).

What changed

Prose (create.py, destroy.py): - "New droplet created" → "New machine created" - "Assigned droplet to project" → "Assigned machine to project" - "Waiting for droplet IP address" → "Waiting for machine IP address" - "Cannot destroy droplet ..." → "Cannot destroy machine ..." - "DELETE/DESTROY droplet ..." → "DELETE/DESTROY machine ..."

Click argument (destroy.py): [DROPLET-IDS] → [MACHINE-IDS]. Also renamed the destroy-message tail from "by machine" / "of machine" (which would have read awkwardly with the noun rename) to "by this tool" / no qualifier — the meaning is unchanged but it avoids "machine" being both noun and tool name in the same sentence. Push back if you'd rather keep the literal wording.

JSON output field names (heads-up — technically a breaking change for anyone scripting against --output json): - status JSON: droplet-status → machine-status - list-domain JSON: nested droplet → machine

README updated to match.

Left as-is (intentionally)

machine/providers/digitalocean.py — DO's Python SDK literally has a Droplet class and methods like get_droplet(). These are SDK API references, not user-facing.
tests/E2E.md and the comment in tests/test_e2e.py:16 — DigitalOcean-specific docs explaining DO's API scope names. They're correctly DO-specific and still accurate.

User2026-05-05T01:37:52.825Z

Ok thanks. The last thing for now is to add GCP to the e2e test suite. I think this will mostly just work if you add the relevant GCP-related environment variable handling to both the github action yaml file and the e2e test python source file. The more complex auth required for GCP doesn't fit into this simple scheme but we can leave that to be addressed later. I'd like to be able to at least run the e2e test on the GCP provider locally, which should work with the credentials I already obtained.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:37:55.729Z

Thinking

Assistant2026-05-05T01:37:56.978Z

Let me look at the existing e2e setup to understand the pattern.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:37:57.765Z

⚙ Read

{
  "file_path": "/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py"
}

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:37:57.781Z

1	"""End-to-end tests that create real VMs on a cloud provider.
2	
3	These tests require a real cloud provider environment and are NOT run as part of
4	the normal test suite. They must be invoked explicitly:
5	
6	    uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v
7	
8	Provider selection:
9	    E2E_PROVIDER    - Provider name: "digital-ocean" (default) or "vultr"
10	
11	Required environment variables (all providers):
12	    E2E_SSH_KEY     - Name of an SSH key already registered with the provider
13	Required environment variables (DigitalOcean):
14	    E2E_DO_TOKEN    - DigitalOcean API token
15	    E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE - DNS zone hosted at DigitalOcean (e.g. "do.example.com")
16	    E2E_PROJECT     - DO project name to assign droplets to
17	
18	Required environment variables (Vultr):
19	    E2E_VULTR_API_KEY  - Vultr API key
20	    E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE - DNS zone hosted at Vultr (e.g. "example.com")
21	
22	Optional environment variables:
23	    E2E_REGION      - Region slug (default: provider-specific)
24	    E2E_IMAGE       - Image slug or ID (default: provider-specific)
25	    E2E_SIZE        - Machine size slug (default: provider-specific)
26	"""
27	
28	import json
29	import os
30	import subprocess
31	import uuid
32	
33	import pytest
34	
35	
36	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
37	# Provider configuration
38	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
39	
40	E2E_PROVIDER = os.environ.get("E2E_PROVIDER", "digital-ocean")
41	
42	_PROVIDER_DEFAULTS = {
43	    "digital-ocean": {
44	        "region": "nyc1",
45	        "image": "ubuntu-24-04-x64",
46	        "size": "s-1vcpu-512mb-10gb",
47	    },
48	    "vultr": {
49	        "region": "ewr",
50	        "image": "2284",
51	        "size": "vc2-1c-1gb",
52	    },
53	}
54	
55	_defaults = _PROVIDER_DEFAULTS.get(E2E_PROVIDER, _PROVIDER_DEFAULTS["digital-ocean"])
56	
57	E2E_SSH_KEY = os.environ.get("E2E_SSH_KEY")
58	
59	# Per-provider DNS zones
60	E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE = os.environ.get("E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE")
61	E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE = os.environ.get("E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE")
62	
63	# Select the DNS zone for the active provider
64	if E2E_PROVIDER == "digital-ocean":
65	    E2E_DNS_ZONE = E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE
66	elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
67	    E2E_DNS_ZONE = E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE
68	else:
69	    E2E_DNS_ZONE = None
70	E2E_REGION = os.environ.get("E2E_REGION", _defaults["region"])
71	E2E_IMAGE = os.environ.get("E2E_IMAGE", _defaults["image"])
72	E2E_SIZE = os.environ.get("E2E_SIZE", _defaults["size"])
73	
74	# Provider-specific credentials
75	E2E_DO_TOKEN = os.environ.get("E2E_DO_TOKEN")
76	E2E_PROJECT = os.environ.get("E2E_PROJECT")
77	E2E_VULTR_API_KEY = os.environ.get("E2E_VULTR_API_KEY")
78	
79	
80	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
81	# Skip the entire module if credentials are not provided
82	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
83	
84	pytestmark = pytest.mark.e2e
85	
86	_MISSING = []
87	if not E2E_SSH_KEY:
88	    _MISSING.append("E2E_SSH_KEY")
89	if E2E_PROVIDER == "digital-ocean":
90	    if not E2E_DO_TOKEN:
91	        _MISSING.append("E2E_DO_TOKEN")
92	    if not E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE:
93	        _MISSING.append("E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE")
94	    if not E2E_PROJECT:
95	        _MISSING.append("E2E_PROJECT")
96	elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
97	    if not E2E_VULTR_API_KEY:
98	        _MISSING.append("E2E_VULTR_API_KEY")
99	    if not E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE:
100	        _MISSING.append("E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE")
101	else:
102	    _MISSING.append(f"E2E_PROVIDER (unknown provider: {E2E_PROVIDER})")
103	
104	if _MISSING:
105	    pytestmark = [
106	        pytest.mark.e2e,
107	        pytest.mark.skip(reason=f"E2E env vars not set: {', '.join(_MISSING)}"),
108	    ]
109	
110	
111	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
112	# Helpers
113	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
114	
115	
116	def _unique_name(prefix="e2etest"):
117	    """Generate a short unique instance name safe for DNS."""
118	    return f"{prefix}-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
119	
120	
121	def _write_config(path, **overrides):
122	    """Write a minimal config file for the e2e test run."""
123	    if E2E_PROVIDER == "digital-ocean":
124	        cfg = {
125	            "access-token": E2E_DO_TOKEN,
126	            "ssh-key": E2E_SSH_KEY,
127	            "dns-zone": E2E_DNS_ZONE,
128	            "machine-size": E2E_SIZE,
129	            "image": E2E_IMAGE,
130	            "region": E2E_REGION,
131	            "project": E2E_PROJECT,
132	        }
133	        cfg.update(overrides)
134	        provider_lines = "\n".join(f"  {k}: {v}" for k, v in cfg.items())
135	        content = f"digital-ocean:\n{provider_lines}\nmachines:\n  e2e-basic:\n    new-user-name: e2euser\n"
136	    elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
137	        cfg = {
138	            "api-key": E2E_VULTR_API_KEY,
139	            "ssh-key": E2E_SSH_KEY,
140	            "dns-zone": E2E_DNS_ZONE,
141	            "machine-size": E2E_SIZE,
142	            "image": E2E_IMAGE,
143	            "region": E2E_REGION,
144	        }
145	        cfg.update(overrides)
146	        provider_lines = "\n".join(f"  {k}: {v}" for k, v in cfg.items())
147	        content = f"vultr:\n{provider_lines}\nmachines:\n  e2e-basic:\n    new-user-name: e2euser\n"
148	
149	    with open(path, "w") as f:
150	        f.write(content)
151	
152	
153	def run_machine(*args, config_file=None, session_id=None):
154	    """Run the machine CLI as a subprocess with the given arguments."""
155	    cmd = ["uv", "run", "machine"]
156	    if config_file:
157	        cmd += ["--config-file", str(config_file)]
158	    if session_id:
159	        cmd += ["--session-id", session_id]
160	    cmd += list(args)
161	    result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=300)
162	    return result
163	
164	
165	def _extract_instance_id(output_text):
166	    """Extract the instance ID from CLI output like 'New machine created with id: 12345'.
167	
168	    Handles both numeric IDs (DigitalOcean) and UUID IDs (Vultr).
169	    """
170	    for line in output_text.splitlines():
171	        if "id:" in line.lower():
172	            parts = line.split("id:")
173	            if len(parts) >= 2:
174	                candidate = parts[-1].strip()
175	                if candidate:
176	                    return candidate
177	    return None
178	
179	
180	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
181	# Fixtures
182	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
183	
184	
185	@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
186	def config_file(tmp_path_factory):
187	    """Write a config file that lives for the whole test module."""
188	    path = tmp_path_factory.mktemp("e2e") / "config.yml"
189	    _write_config(path)
190	    return path
191	
192	
193	@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
194	def session_id():
195	    """A unique session id shared across all tests in this module."""
196	    return uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]
197	
198	
199	@pytest.fixture(scope="class")
200	def instance(config_file, session_id):
201	    """Create a single instance with all features and destroy it after all tests.
202	
203	    The instance is created with DNS, a machine type (cloud-init), a custom tag,
204	    and --wait-for-ip so that all aspects can be verified by individual tests.
205	    """
206	    name = _unique_name()
207	    custom_tag = f"e2e-tag-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"
208	
209	    # ---- CREATE with all features ------------------------------------------
210	    result = run_machine(
211	        "create",
212	        "--name",
213	        name,
214	        "--type",
215	        "e2e-basic",
216	        "--update-dns",
217	        "--tag",
218	        custom_tag,
219	        "--wait-for-ip",
220	        config_file=config_file,
221	        session_id=session_id,
222	    )
223	    assert result.returncode == 0, f"create failed: {result.stderr}"
224	    create_out = result.stdout + result.stderr
225	    instance_id = _extract_instance_id(create_out)
226	    assert instance_id, f"Could not find instance id in output:\n{create_out}"
227	
228	    info = {
229	        "name": name,
230	        "id": instance_id,
231	        "custom_tag": custom_tag,
232	        "create_out": create_out,
233	    }
234	
235	    yield info
236	
237	    # ---- TEARDOWN: destroy with DNS cleanup --------------------------------
238	    destroy_result = run_machine(
239	        "--verbose",
240	        "destroy",
241	        "--no-confirm",
242	        "--delete-dns",
243	        instance_id,
244	        config_file=config_file,
245	        session_id=session_id,
246	    )
247	    if destroy_result.returncode != 0:
248	        print(f"TEARDOWN WARNING: destroy exited {destroy_result.returncode}", flush=True)
249	        print(f"  stdout: {destroy_result.stdout}", flush=True)
250	        print(f"  stderr: {destroy_result.stderr}", flush=True)
251	
252	
253	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
254	# Tests — one instance, many assertions
255	# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
256	
257	
258	class TestCheck:
259	    """Verify the ``check`` subcommand validates config against the provider API."""
260	
261	    def test_check_passes_with_valid_config(self, config_file, session_id):
262	        """Verify that check succeeds when all config values are valid."""
263	        result = run_machine("check", config_file=config_file, session_id=session_id)
264	        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
265	        assert result.returncode == 0, f"check failed: {combined}"
266	        assert "All checks passed" in combined
267	
268	    def test_check_reports_api_auth_pass(self, config_file, session_id):
269	        """Verify that check reports API authentication as passing."""
270	        result = run_machine("check", config_file=config_file, session_id=session_id)
271	        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
272	        assert "PASS: API authentication" in combined
273	
274	    def test_check_reports_ssh_key_pass(self, config_file, session_id):
275	        """Verify that check reports the configured SSH key as found."""
276	        result = run_machine("check", config_file=config_file, session_id=session_id)
277	        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
278	        assert "PASS: SSH key" in combined
279	
280	    def test_check_reports_dns_zone_pass(self, config_file, session_id):
281	        """Verify that check reports the configured DNS zone as found."""
282	        result = run_machine("check", config_file=config_file, session_id=session_id)
283	        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
284	        assert "PASS: DNS zone" in combined
285	
286	    def test_check_fails_with_bad_token(self, tmp_path, session_id):
287	        """Verify that check fails when the API token is invalid."""
288	        cfg_path = tmp_path / "config.yml"
289	        if E2E_PROVIDER == "digital-ocean":
290	            _write_config(cfg_path, **{"access-token": "invalid-token-for-e2e-test"})
291	        elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
292	            _write_config(cfg_path, **{"api-key": "invalid-token-for-e2e-test"})
293	        result = run_machine("check", config_file=cfg_path, session_id=session_id)
294	        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
295	        assert result.returncode != 0, f"check should have failed with bad token: {combined}"
296	        assert "FAIL: API authentication" in combined
297	
298	    def test_check_fails_with_bad_ssh_key(self, tmp_path, session_id):
299	        """Verify that check fails when the SSH key does not exist at the provider."""
300	        cfg_path = tmp_path / "config.yml"
301	        _write_config(cfg_path, **{"ssh-key": f"nonexistent-key-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"})
302	        result = run_machine("check", config_file=cfg_path, session_id=session_id)
303	        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
304	        assert result.returncode != 0, f"check should have failed with bad SSH key: {combined}"
305	        assert "FAIL: SSH key" in combined
306	
307	    def test_check_fails_with_bad_dns_zone(self, tmp_path, session_id):
308	        """Verify that check fails when the DNS zone does not exist at the provider."""
309	        cfg_path = tmp_path / "config.yml"
310	        bogus_zone = f"bogus-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}.example"
311	        _write_config(cfg_path, **{"dns-zone": bogus_zone})
312	        result = run_machine("check", config_file=cfg_path, session_id=session_id)
313	        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
314	        assert result.returncode != 0, f"check should have failed with bad DNS zone: {combined}"
315	        assert "FAIL: DNS zone" in combined
316	
317	
318	class TestDnsZonePreFlight:
319	    """Verify that create fails fast when the configured DNS zone does not exist."""
320	
321	    def test_create_fails_for_nonexistent_dns_zone(self, tmp_path, session_id):
322	        bogus_zone = f"bogus-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}.example"
323	        cfg_path = tmp_path / "config.yml"
324	        _write_config(cfg_path, **{"dns-zone": bogus_zone})
325	
326	        result = run_machine(
327	            "create",
328	            "--name",
329	            _unique_name(),
330	            "--type",
331	            "e2e-basic",
332	            "--no-initialize",
333	            "--update-dns",
334	            config_file=cfg_path,
335	            session_id=session_id,
336	        )
337	        assert result.returncode != 0, "Expected create to fail for nonexistent DNS zone"
338	        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
339	        assert bogus_zone in combined, f"Error should mention the bogus zone '{bogus_zone}'"
340	        assert "not found" in combined.lower(), "Error should indicate zone was not found"
341	
342	
343	class TestInstanceLifecycle:
344	    """Create one instance with all features and verify each aspect independently.
345	
346	    A single instance is created (via the class-scoped ``instance`` fixture) with
347	    DNS, a machine type, and a custom tag.  Each test method verifies a different
348	    aspect so that failures are reported individually.  The instance is destroyed
349	    automatically after all tests complete.
350	    """
351	
352	    def test_instance_appears_in_list(self, instance, config_file, session_id):
353	        """Verify the instance shows up in ``list`` with the correct name."""
354	        result = run_machine(
355	            "list",
356	            "--output",
357	            "json",
358	            config_file=config_file,
359	            session_id=session_id,
360	        )
361	        assert result.returncode == 0, f"list failed: {result.stderr}"
362	        instances = json.loads(result.stdout)
363	        matched = [i for i in instances if str(i["id"]) == instance["id"]]
364	        assert len(matched) == 1, f"Expected 1 instance with id {instance['id']}, got {len(matched)}"
365	        assert matched[0]["name"] == instance["name"]
366	
367	    def test_instance_has_ip(self, instance, config_file, session_id):
368	        """Verify the instance was assigned an IP address."""
369	        result = run_machine(
370	            "list",
371	            "--output",
372	            "json",
373	            config_file=config_file,
374	            session_id=session_id,
375	        )
376	        assert result.returncode == 0
377	        instances = json.loads(result.stdout)
378	        matched = [i for i in instances if str(i["id"]) == instance["id"]]
379	        assert len(matched) == 1
380	        ip = matched[0]["ip"]
381	        assert ip is not None, "Instance has no IP address"
382	        assert ip != "0.0.0.0", "Instance IP is 0.0.0.0 (not yet assigned)"
383	
384	    def test_dns_record_created(self, instance, config_file, session_id):
385	        """Verify that a DNS A record was created for the instance."""
386	        result = run_machine(
387	            "list-domain",
388	            "--name",
389	            instance["name"],
390	            "--output",
391	            "json",
392	            E2E_DNS_ZONE,
393	            config_file=config_file,
394	            session_id=session_id,
395	        )
396	        assert result.returncode == 0, f"list-domain failed: {result.stderr}"
397	        records = json.loads(result.stdout)
398	        a_records = [r for r in records if r.get("name") == instance["name"] and r.get("type") == "A"]
399	        assert len(a_records) >= 1, f"No A record found for {instance['name']}.{E2E_DNS_ZONE}"
400	
401	    def test_dns_zone_in_create_output(self, instance):
402	        """Verify that DNS zone was mentioned in the create output."""
403	        assert E2E_DNS_ZONE in instance["create_out"], f"DNS zone not mentioned in output:\n{instance['create_out']}"
404	
405	    def test_type_tag_applied(self, instance, config_file, session_id):
406	        """Verify that the machine type tag was applied and is filterable."""
407	        result = run_machine(
408	            "list",
409	            "--type",
410	            "e2e-basic",
411	            "--output",
412	            "json",
413	            config_file=config_file,
414	            session_id=session_id,
415	        )
416	        assert result.returncode == 0
417	        instances = json.loads(result.stdout)
418	        matched = [i for i in instances if str(i["id"]) == instance["id"]]
419	        assert len(matched) == 1, "Instance not found when filtering by type e2e-basic"
420	        assert matched[0]["type"] == "e2e-basic", "Type tag mismatch"
421	
422	    def test_custom_tag_applied(self, instance, config_file, session_id):
423	        """Verify that the custom tag was applied and is filterable."""
424	        result = run_machine(
425	            "list",
426	            "--tag",
427	            instance["custom_tag"],
428	            "--output",
429	            "json",
430	            config_file=config_file,
431	            session_id=session_id,
432	        )
433	        assert result.returncode == 0
434	        instances = json.loads(result.stdout)
435	        matched = [i for i in instances if str(i["id"]) == instance["id"]]
436	        assert len(matched) == 1, f"Instance not found with tag {instance['custom_tag']}"
437

Assistant2026-05-05T01:37:58.183Z

⚙ Read

{
  "file_path": "/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml"
}

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:37:58.201Z

1	name: E2E Test
2	
3	on:
4	  push:
5	    branches: [main]
6	  pull_request:
7	    branches: [main]
8	  workflow_dispatch:
9	  schedule:
10	    # Run weekly on Monday at 06:00 UTC
11	    - cron: "0 6 * * 1"
12	
13	jobs:
14	  e2e:
15	    name: "E2E Tests (${{ matrix.provider }})"
16	    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
17	    environment: e2e
18	    strategy:
19	      fail-fast: false
20	      matrix:
21	        provider: [digital-ocean, vultr]
22	    steps:
23	      - name: "Clone project repository"
24	        uses: actions/checkout@v6
25	      - name: "Install uv"
26	        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
27	      - name: "Install Python"
28	        run: uv python install 3.13
29	      - name: "Install dependencies"
30	        run: uv sync
31	      - name: "Run E2E tests"
32	        env:
33	          E2E_PROVIDER: ${{ matrix.provider }}
34	          E2E_SSH_KEY: ${{ vars.E2E_SSH_KEY }}
35	          # DigitalOcean credentials
36	          E2E_DO_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.E2E_DO_TOKEN }}
37	          E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE: ${{ vars.E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE }}
38	          E2E_PROJECT: ${{ vars.E2E_PROJECT }}
39	          # Vultr credentials
40	          E2E_VULTR_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.E2E_VULTR_API_KEY }}
41	          E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE: ${{ vars.E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE }}
42	        run: uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e
43

Assistant2026-05-05T01:37:58.419Z

⚙ Read

{
  "file_path": "/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md"
}

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:37:58.426Z

1	# End-to-End Tests
2	
3	These tests verify that `machine` can create and manage real VMs on a cloud provider, including DNS record lifecycle. They are **not** run as part of the normal test suite due to cost and runtime.
4	
5	Tests can be run against **DigitalOcean** or **Vultr** by setting the `E2E_PROVIDER` environment variable.
6	
7	## Prerequisites
8	
9	### DigitalOcean
10	
11	You need a DigitalOcean account with:
12	
13	- An API token with the required permissions (see below)
14	- An SSH key registered in the account
15	- A DNS zone managed by DigitalOcean (e.g. `example.com`). Note that Vultr does not have full DNS hosting functionality: it only supports hosting second-level domains, not subdomains (irrespective of what their documentation states). So `example.com` works but `test.example.com` does not.
16	- A project to assign droplets to
17	
18	#### API Token Permissions
19	
20	The DigitalOcean API token must be a **custom token** with these scopes enabled:
21	
22	| Scope | Access | Used for |
23	|---|---|---|
24	| `droplet` | read, create, delete | Creating, listing, and destroying test droplets |
25	| `ssh_key` | read | Looking up SSH keys by name |
26	| `domain` | read, create, delete | Creating and removing DNS A records |
27	| `project` | read, update | Listing projects and assigning droplets to them |
28	| `tag` | read, create | Tagging droplets by type and custom tags |
29	
30	A full-access read/write token will also work, but a scoped token is recommended.
31	
32	### Vultr
33	
34	You need a Vultr account with:
35	
36	- An API key (from https://my.vultr.com/settings/#settingsapi)
37	- An SSH key registered in the account
38	- A DNS zone managed by Vultr (e.g. `example.com`)
39	
40	The Vultr API key has full access by default; there is no scope configuration.
41	
42	## Environment Variables
43	
44	### Provider Selection
45	
46	| Variable | Required | Description |
47	|---|---|---|
48	| `E2E_PROVIDER` | No | Provider to test: `digital-ocean` (default) or `vultr` |
49	
50	### Common (all providers)
51	
52	| Variable | Required | Description |
53	|---|---|---|
54	| `E2E_SSH_KEY` | Yes | Name of an SSH key registered with the provider |
55	| `E2E_REGION` | No | Region slug (default: provider-specific, see below) |
56	| `E2E_IMAGE` | No | Image slug or ID (default: provider-specific, see below) |
57	| `E2E_SIZE` | No | Instance size (default: provider-specific, see below) |
58	
59	### DigitalOcean
60	
61	| Variable | Required | Description |
62	|---|---|---|
63	| `E2E_DO_TOKEN` | Yes | DigitalOcean API token |
64	| `E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE` | Yes | DNS zone hosted at DigitalOcean (e.g. `do.example.com`) |
65	| `E2E_PROJECT` | Yes | DO project to assign droplets to |
66	
67	Defaults: region `nyc1`, image `ubuntu-24-04-x64`, size `s-1vcpu-512mb-10gb`
68	
69	### Vultr
70	
71	| Variable | Required | Description |
72	|---|---|---|
73	| `E2E_VULTR_API_KEY` | Yes | Vultr API key |
74	| `E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE` | Yes | DNS zone hosted at Vultr (e.g. `example.com` — must be a second-level domain) |
75	
76	Defaults: region `ewr`, image `2136` (Ubuntu 24.04), size `vc2-1c-1gb`
77	
78	## Running
79	
80	### DigitalOcean
81	
82	```bash
83	export E2E_DO_TOKEN="dop_v1_..."
84	export E2E_SSH_KEY="my-ssh-key"
85	export E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE="do.example.com"
86	export E2E_PROJECT="my-project"
87	
88	make test-e2e
89	# Or directly
90	uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e
91	```
92	
93	### Vultr
94	
95	```bash
96	export E2E_PROVIDER="vultr"
97	export E2E_VULTR_API_KEY="..."
98	export E2E_SSH_KEY="my-ssh-key"
99	export E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE="example.com"
100	
101	make test-e2e
102	# Or directly
103	uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e
104	```
105	
106	The normal `make test` (and CI) will **skip** these tests automatically.
107	
108	## CI
109	
110	The GitHub Actions workflow (`.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml`) runs e2e tests for both providers in parallel using a matrix strategy. Each provider run requires its own credentials configured in the `e2e` GitHub environment:
111	
112	| Provider | Secrets | Variables |
113	|---|---|---|
114	| DigitalOcean | `E2E_DO_TOKEN` | `E2E_SSH_KEY`, `E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE`, `E2E_PROJECT` |
115	| Vultr | `E2E_VULTR_API_KEY` | `E2E_SSH_KEY`, `E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE` |
116	
117	If credentials for a provider are not configured, that provider's test run will be skipped automatically.
118	
119	## What's Tested
120	
121	- **Instance lifecycle** — create, list, destroy
122	- **DNS lifecycle** — create with `--update-dns`, verify A record, destroy with `--delete-dns`
123	- **Cloud-init initialization** — create with `--type`, verify type tag
124	- **Custom tags** — create with `--tag`, verify tag filtering
125	
126	## Cleanup
127	
128	Each test cleans up after itself. All test instances use unique names prefixed with `e2etest-` so they are easy to identify.
129	
130	## Cost
131	
132	Tests use the smallest available instance size and destroy VMs immediately after verification, so cost is minimal.
133

Assistant2026-05-05T01:39:18.186Z

Thinking

Assistant2026-05-05T01:39:22.151Z

I have a clear picture. The plan:

tests/test_e2e.py: add gcp to defaults, add E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID / E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE / E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE env vars, extend the DNS-zone selector and the missing-vars guard, add a gcp: branch in _write_config. For the bad-token test, override project-id with a bogus value (GCP doesn't have a single "token" field — but pointing at a project you can't access produces the same "auth fails" effect).
.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml: add gcp to the matrix and pass through the GCP env vars. CI runs will skip cleanly until creds are actually configured.
tests/E2E.md: add a GCP section.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:39:31.186Z

✏️ Edit test_e2e.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py

−

Provider selection:
    E2E_PROVIDER    - Provider name: "digital-ocean" (default) or "vultr"

Required environment variables (all providers):
    E2E_SSH_KEY     - Name of an SSH key already registered with the provider
Required environment variables (DigitalOcean):
    E2E_DO_TOKEN    - DigitalOcean API token
    E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE - DNS zone hosted at DigitalOcean (e.g. "do.example.com")
    E2E_PROJECT     - DO project name to assign droplets to

Required environment variables (Vultr):
    E2E_VULTR_API_KEY  - Vultr API key
    E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE - DNS zone hosted at Vultr (e.g. "example.com")

Optional environment variables:
    E2E_REGION      - Region slug (default: provider-specific)
    E2E_IMAGE       - Image slug or ID (default: provider-specific)
    E2E_SIZE        - Machine size slug (default: provider-specific)
"""

Provider selection:
    E2E_PROVIDER    - Provider name: "digital-ocean" (default), "vultr", or "gcp"

Required environment variables (all providers):
    E2E_SSH_KEY     - Name of an SSH key already registered with the provider
Required environment variables (DigitalOcean):
    E2E_DO_TOKEN    - DigitalOcean API token
    E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE - DNS zone hosted at DigitalOcean (e.g. "do.example.com")
    E2E_PROJECT     - DO project name to assign droplets to

Required environment variables (Vultr):
    E2E_VULTR_API_KEY  - Vultr API key
    E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE - DNS zone hosted at Vultr (e.g. "example.com")

Required environment variables (GCP):
    E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID      - GCP project ID where test resources are created
    E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE        - DNS zone hosted in Cloud DNS (e.g. "gcp.example.com")
Optional (GCP):
    E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE - Path to a service account JSON key file
                               (if unset, Application Default Credentials are used)

Optional environment variables:
    E2E_REGION      - Region slug (default: provider-specific)
    E2E_IMAGE       - Image slug or ID (default: provider-specific)
    E2E_SIZE        - Machine size slug (default: provider-specific)
"""

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:39:31.215Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:39:34.900Z

✏️ Edit test_e2e.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py

−

_PROVIDER_DEFAULTS = {
    "digital-ocean": {
        "region": "nyc1",
        "image": "ubuntu-24-04-x64",
        "size": "s-1vcpu-512mb-10gb",
    },
    "vultr": {
        "region": "ewr",
        "image": "2284",
        "size": "vc2-1c-1gb",
    },
}

_PROVIDER_DEFAULTS = {
    "digital-ocean": {
        "region": "nyc1",
        "image": "ubuntu-24-04-x64",
        "size": "s-1vcpu-512mb-10gb",
    },
    "vultr": {
        "region": "ewr",
        "image": "2284",
        "size": "vc2-1c-1gb",
    },
    "gcp": {
        "region": "us-central1-a",
        "image": "projects/ubuntu-os-cloud/global/images/family/ubuntu-2404-lts-amd64",
        "size": "e2-micro",
    },
}

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:39:34.933Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:39:43.458Z

✏️ Edit test_e2e.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py

−

# Per-provider DNS zones
E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE = os.environ.get("E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE")
E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE = os.environ.get("E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE")

# Select the DNS zone for the active provider
if E2E_PROVIDER == "digital-ocean":
    E2E_DNS_ZONE = E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE
elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
    E2E_DNS_ZONE = E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE
else:
    E2E_DNS_ZONE = None
E2E_REGION = os.environ.get("E2E_REGION", _defaults["region"])
E2E_IMAGE = os.environ.get("E2E_IMAGE", _defaults["image"])
E2E_SIZE = os.environ.get("E2E_SIZE", _defaults["size"])

# Provider-specific credentials
E2E_DO_TOKEN = os.environ.get("E2E_DO_TOKEN")
E2E_PROJECT = os.environ.get("E2E_PROJECT")
E2E_VULTR_API_KEY = os.environ.get("E2E_VULTR_API_KEY")

# Per-provider DNS zones
E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE = os.environ.get("E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE")
E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE = os.environ.get("E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE")
E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE = os.environ.get("E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE")

# Select the DNS zone for the active provider
if E2E_PROVIDER == "digital-ocean":
    E2E_DNS_ZONE = E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE
elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
    E2E_DNS_ZONE = E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE
elif E2E_PROVIDER == "gcp":
    E2E_DNS_ZONE = E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE
else:
    E2E_DNS_ZONE = None
E2E_REGION = os.environ.get("E2E_REGION", _defaults["region"])
E2E_IMAGE = os.environ.get("E2E_IMAGE", _defaults["image"])
E2E_SIZE = os.environ.get("E2E_SIZE", _defaults["size"])

# Provider-specific credentials
E2E_DO_TOKEN = os.environ.get("E2E_DO_TOKEN")
E2E_PROJECT = os.environ.get("E2E_PROJECT")
E2E_VULTR_API_KEY = os.environ.get("E2E_VULTR_API_KEY")
E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID = os.environ.get("E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID")
E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE = os.environ.get("E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE")

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:39:43.487Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:39:47.787Z

✏️ Edit test_e2e.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py

−

elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
    if not E2E_VULTR_API_KEY:
        _MISSING.append("E2E_VULTR_API_KEY")
    if not E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE:
        _MISSING.append("E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE")
else:
    _MISSING.append(f"E2E_PROVIDER (unknown provider: {E2E_PROVIDER})")

elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
    if not E2E_VULTR_API_KEY:
        _MISSING.append("E2E_VULTR_API_KEY")
    if not E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE:
        _MISSING.append("E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE")
elif E2E_PROVIDER == "gcp":
    if not E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID:
        _MISSING.append("E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID")
    if not E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE:
        _MISSING.append("E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE")
    # E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE is optional — falls back to ADC.
else:
    _MISSING.append(f"E2E_PROVIDER (unknown provider: {E2E_PROVIDER})")

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:39:47.815Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:39:54.435Z

✏️ Edit test_e2e.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py

−

    elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
        cfg = {
            "api-key": E2E_VULTR_API_KEY,
            "ssh-key": E2E_SSH_KEY,
            "dns-zone": E2E_DNS_ZONE,
            "machine-size": E2E_SIZE,
            "image": E2E_IMAGE,
            "region": E2E_REGION,
        }
        cfg.update(overrides)
        provider_lines = "\n".join(f"  {k}: {v}" for k, v in cfg.items())
        content = f"vultr:\n{provider_lines}\nmachines:\n  e2e-basic:\n    new-user-name: e2euser\n"

    with open(path, "w") as f:
        f.write(content)

    elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
        cfg = {
            "api-key": E2E_VULTR_API_KEY,
            "ssh-key": E2E_SSH_KEY,
            "dns-zone": E2E_DNS_ZONE,
            "machine-size": E2E_SIZE,
            "image": E2E_IMAGE,
            "region": E2E_REGION,
        }
        cfg.update(overrides)
        provider_lines = "\n".join(f"  {k}: {v}" for k, v in cfg.items())
        content = f"vultr:\n{provider_lines}\nmachines:\n  e2e-basic:\n    new-user-name: e2euser\n"
    elif E2E_PROVIDER == "gcp":
        cfg = {
            "project-id": E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID,
            "ssh-key": E2E_SSH_KEY,
            "dns-zone": E2E_DNS_ZONE,
            "machine-size": E2E_SIZE,
            "image": E2E_IMAGE,
            "region": E2E_REGION,
        }
        if E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE:
            cfg["credentials-file"] = E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE
        cfg.update(overrides)
        provider_lines = "\n".join(f"  {k}: {v}" for k, v in cfg.items())
        content = f"gcp:\n{provider_lines}\nmachines:\n  e2e-basic:\n    new-user-name: e2euser\n"

    with open(path, "w") as f:
        f.write(content)

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:39:54.452Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:01.161Z

✏️ Edit test_e2e.py

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py

−

    def test_check_fails_with_bad_token(self, tmp_path, session_id):
        """Verify that check fails when the API token is invalid."""
        cfg_path = tmp_path / "config.yml"
        if E2E_PROVIDER == "digital-ocean":
            _write_config(cfg_path, **{"access-token": "invalid-token-for-e2e-test"})
        elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
            _write_config(cfg_path, **{"api-key": "invalid-token-for-e2e-test"})
        result = run_machine("check", config_file=cfg_path, session_id=session_id)
        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
        assert result.returncode != 0, f"check should have failed with bad token: {combined}"
        assert "FAIL: API authentication" in combined

    def test_check_fails_with_bad_token(self, tmp_path, session_id):
        """Verify that check fails when the provider rejects the credentials.

        For GCP there is no single "token" field — credentials come from a
        service account file or ADC. We simulate a similar failure by pointing
        at a project the credentials cannot access, which causes the first
        API call (list_ssh_keys) to fail with a permission error.
        """
        cfg_path = tmp_path / "config.yml"
        if E2E_PROVIDER == "digital-ocean":
            _write_config(cfg_path, **{"access-token": "invalid-token-for-e2e-test"})
        elif E2E_PROVIDER == "vultr":
            _write_config(cfg_path, **{"api-key": "invalid-token-for-e2e-test"})
        elif E2E_PROVIDER == "gcp":
            _write_config(cfg_path, **{"project-id": f"nonexistent-project-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"})
        result = run_machine("check", config_file=cfg_path, session_id=session_id)
        combined = result.stdout + result.stderr
        assert result.returncode != 0, f"check should have failed with bad token: {combined}"
        assert "FAIL: API authentication" in combined

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:40:01.168Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/test_e2e.py has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:03.927Z

Now the GitHub Actions workflow and the docs.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:05.457Z

✏️ Edit e2e-test.yml

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml

−

    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        provider: [digital-ocean, vultr]

    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        provider: [digital-ocean, vultr, gcp]

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:40:05.489Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:11.993Z

✏️ Edit e2e-test.yml

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml

−

          # Vultr credentials
          E2E_VULTR_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.E2E_VULTR_API_KEY }}
          E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE: ${{ vars.E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE }}
        run: uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e

          # Vultr credentials
          E2E_VULTR_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.E2E_VULTR_API_KEY }}
          E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE: ${{ vars.E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE }}
          # GCP credentials. E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE is intentionally not
          # wired up here — service account JSON delivery requires extra setup
          # (decoding a secret to a file). Until that's added, the gcp matrix
          # cell will skip cleanly when E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID is unset.
          E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID: ${{ vars.E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID }}
          E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE: ${{ vars.E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE }}
        run: uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:40:12.016Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:13.693Z

✏️ Edit E2E.md

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md

−

Tests can be run against **DigitalOcean** or **Vultr** by setting the `E2E_PROVIDER` environment variable.

Tests can be run against **DigitalOcean**, **Vultr**, or **GCP** by setting the `E2E_PROVIDER` environment variable.

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:40:13.743Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:22.065Z

✏️ Edit E2E.md

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md

−

### Vultr

You need a Vultr account with:

- An API key (from https://my.vultr.com/settings/#settingsapi)
- An SSH key registered in the account
- A DNS zone managed by Vultr (e.g. `example.com`)

The Vultr API key has full access by default; there is no scope configuration.

## Environment Variables

### Provider Selection

| Variable | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `E2E_PROVIDER` | No | Provider to test: `digital-ocean` (default) or `vultr` |

### Vultr

You need a Vultr account with:

- An API key (from https://my.vultr.com/settings/#settingsapi)
- An SSH key registered in the account
- A DNS zone managed by Vultr (e.g. `example.com`)

The Vultr API key has full access by default; there is no scope configuration.

### GCP

You need a GCP project with:

- Compute Engine API and Cloud DNS API enabled
- Billing configured (Cloud DNS requires it)
- A Cloud DNS managed zone you control (e.g. `gcp.example.com`)
- An SSH key entry in project metadata (the `ssh-key` config value matches the username portion — see the main README's GCP Config section)
- Either Application Default Credentials set up locally (`gcloud auth application-default login`) or a service account JSON key file (referenced via `E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE`)

If you use a service account, it needs at minimum:

| Role | Used for |
|---|---|
| `roles/compute.instanceAdmin.v1` | Create, list, destroy VMs and read project SSH keys |
| `roles/dns.admin` | Create and remove DNS A records |

## Environment Variables

### Provider Selection

| Variable | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `E2E_PROVIDER` | No | Provider to test: `digital-ocean` (default), `vultr`, or `gcp` |

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:40:22.091Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:28.516Z

✏️ Edit E2E.md

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md

−

### Vultr

| Variable | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `E2E_VULTR_API_KEY` | Yes | Vultr API key |
| `E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE` | Yes | DNS zone hosted at Vultr (e.g. `example.com` — must be a second-level domain) |

Defaults: region `ewr`, image `2136` (Ubuntu 24.04), size `vc2-1c-1gb`

## Running

### Vultr

| Variable | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `E2E_VULTR_API_KEY` | Yes | Vultr API key |
| `E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE` | Yes | DNS zone hosted at Vultr (e.g. `example.com` — must be a second-level domain) |

Defaults: region `ewr`, image `2136` (Ubuntu 24.04), size `vc2-1c-1gb`

### GCP

| Variable | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID` | Yes | GCP project ID where test resources are created |
| `E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE` | Yes | DNS zone hosted in Cloud DNS (e.g. `gcp.example.com`) |
| `E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE` | No | Path to a service account JSON key file. If unset, [Application Default Credentials](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/application-default-credentials) are used |

Defaults: region (zone) `us-central1-a`, image `projects/ubuntu-os-cloud/global/images/family/ubuntu-2404-lts-amd64`, size `e2-micro`

## Running

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:40:28.533Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:40.729Z

✏️ Edit E2E.md

/home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md

−

### Vultr

```bash
export E2E_PROVIDER="vultr"
export E2E_VULTR_API_KEY="..."
export E2E_SSH_KEY="my-ssh-key"
export E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE="example.com"

make test-e2e
# Or directly
uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e
```

The normal `make test` (and CI) will **skip** these tests automatically.

## CI

The GitHub Actions workflow (`.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml`) runs e2e tests for both providers in parallel using a matrix strategy. Each provider run requires its own credentials configured in the `e2e` GitHub environment:

| Provider | Secrets | Variables |
|---|---|---|
| DigitalOcean | `E2E_DO_TOKEN` | `E2E_SSH_KEY`, `E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE`, `E2E_PROJECT` |
| Vultr | `E2E_VULTR_API_KEY` | `E2E_SSH_KEY`, `E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE` |

If credentials for a provider are not configured, that provider's test run will be skipped automatically.

### Vultr

```bash
export E2E_PROVIDER="vultr"
export E2E_VULTR_API_KEY="..."
export E2E_SSH_KEY="my-ssh-key"
export E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE="example.com"

make test-e2e
# Or directly
uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e
```

### GCP

```bash
export E2E_PROVIDER="gcp"
export E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID="my-gcp-project-12345"
export E2E_SSH_KEY="alice"
export E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE="gcp.example.com"
# Optional: point at a service account JSON key. Otherwise ADC is used:
#   gcloud auth application-default login
# export E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE="$HOME/.config/gcloud/sa.json"

make test-e2e
# Or directly
uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e
```

The normal `make test` (and CI) will **skip** these tests automatically.

## CI

The GitHub Actions workflow (`.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml`) runs e2e tests for each provider in parallel using a matrix strategy. Each provider run requires its own credentials configured in the `e2e` GitHub environment:

| Provider | Secrets | Variables |
|---|---|---|
| DigitalOcean | `E2E_DO_TOKEN` | `E2E_SSH_KEY`, `E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE`, `E2E_PROJECT` |
| Vultr | `E2E_VULTR_API_KEY` | `E2E_SSH_KEY`, `E2E_VULTR_DNS_ZONE` |
| GCP | *(none yet — see note below)* | `E2E_SSH_KEY`, `E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID`, `E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE` |

**GCP in CI**: the workflow passes `E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID` and `E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE` through, but does not yet wire up service account credentials (delivering a JSON key file from a secret needs extra workflow steps). Until that's added, the GCP matrix cell will skip with "credentials not configured" — set up to be addressed in a future change.

If credentials for a provider are not configured, that provider's test run will be skipped automatically.

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:40:40.748Z

The file /home/david/projects/stirlingbridge/machine/tests/E2E.md has been updated successfully.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:44.860Z

Now verify lint, the non-e2e suite, and that the e2e module imports cleanly with each provider selection.

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:45.672Z

$ Bash

Run lint and unit tests

./sh/lint.sh 2>&1 | tail -10 && echo "---" && uv run pytest 2>&1 | tail -8

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:40:48.759Z

Would reformat: machine/config.py
Would reformat: machine/constants.py
Would reformat: machine/providers/digitalocean.py
Would reformat: machine/providers/vultr.py
Would reformat: machine/subcommands/destroy.py
5 files would be reformatted, 23 files already formatted
All checks passed!
---
configfile: pyproject.toml
collected 48 items / 14 deselected / 34 selected

tests/test_cli_integration.py .............                              [ 38%]
tests/test_config.py .............                                       [ 76%]
tests/test_input_validation.py ........                                  [100%]

====================== 34 passed, 14 deselected in 2.75s =======================

Assistant2026-05-05T01:40:50.565Z

$ Bash

Verify e2e module imports and skips correctly per provider

echo "--- import check (no creds set) ---" && uv run python -c "import tests.test_e2e as t; print('default provider:', t.E2E_PROVIDER); print('missing:', t._MISSING)" 2>&1
echo "--- import check (gcp, no creds) ---" && E2E_PROVIDER=gcp uv run python -c "import tests.test_e2e as t; print('provider:', t.E2E_PROVIDER); print('missing:', t._MISSING); print('region default:', t.E2E_REGION); print('image default:', t.E2E_IMAGE); print('size default:', t.E2E_SIZE)" 2>&1
echo "--- import check (gcp, with creds) ---" && E2E_PROVIDER=gcp E2E_SSH_KEY=alice E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID=test-proj E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE=gcp.example.com uv run python -c "import tests.test_e2e as t; print('missing:', t._MISSING); print('dns_zone:', t.E2E_DNS_ZONE)" 2>&1
echo "--- pytest collect for e2e (gcp, no creds → should skip cleanly) ---" && E2E_PROVIDER=gcp uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e 2>&1 | tail -10

Tool reply2026-05-05T01:45:39.441Z

--- import check (no creds set) ---
default provider: digital-ocean
missing: ['E2E_SSH_KEY', 'E2E_DO_TOKEN', 'E2E_DO_DNS_ZONE', 'E2E_PROJECT']
--- import check (gcp, no creds) ---
provider: gcp
missing: ['E2E_SSH_KEY', 'E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID', 'E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE']
region default: us-central1-a
image default: projects/ubuntu-os-cloud/global/images/family/ubuntu-2404-lts-amd64
size default: e2-micro
--- import check (gcp, with creds) ---
missing: []
dns_zone: gcp.example.com
--- pytest collect for e2e (gcp, no creds → should skip cleanly) ---
tests/test_e2e.py::TestCheck::test_check_fails_with_bad_dns_zone SKIPPED [ 50%]
tests/test_e2e.py::TestDnsZonePreFlight::test_create_fails_for_nonexistent_dns_zone SKIPPED [ 57%]
tests/test_e2e.py::TestInstanceLifecycle::test_instance_appears_in_list SKIPPED [ 64%]
tests/test_e2e.py::TestInstanceLifecycle::test_instance_has_ip SKIPPED   [ 71%]
tests/test_e2e.py::TestInstanceLifecycle::test_dns_record_created SKIPPED [ 78%]
tests/test_e2e.py::TestInstanceLifecycle::test_dns_zone_in_create_output SKIPPED [ 85%]
tests/test_e2e.py::TestInstanceLifecycle::test_type_tag_applied SKIPPED  [ 92%]
tests/test_e2e.py::TestInstanceLifecycle::test_custom_tag_applied SKIPPED [100%]

============================= 14 skipped in 0.01s ==============================

Assistant2026-05-05T01:45:51.289Z

All four checks green:

Lint: clean on everything I touched (the 5 "would reformat" files are pre-existing, same set as before).
Unit tests: 34/34 pass.
E2E module imports correctly under each provider; the missing-vars guard reports the right vars per provider; defaults resolve as expected.
E2E with E2E_PROVIDER=gcp and no creds: 14 tests skip cleanly with the standard "E2E env vars not set" message — exactly what CI will do until you wire up credentials.

Files changed

tests/test_e2e.py — gcp defaults, env vars, DNS zone selector, missing-vars guard, _write_config branch, bad-token test branch
.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml — added gcp to matrix, passed through E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID / E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE (with comment explaining why credentials are deferred)
tests/E2E.md — GCP prerequisites, env var table, run snippet, CI section updated

To run locally

export E2E_PROVIDER=gcp
export E2E_GCP_PROJECT_ID=machine-testing-495021
export E2E_GCP_DNS_ZONE=machine-testing-gcp.servesthe.world
export E2E_SSH_KEY=david
# ADC already set up from earlier work; no E2E_GCP_CREDENTIALS_FILE needed
uv run pytest tests/test_e2e.py -v -m e2e

User2026-05-05T01:50:15.018Z

Ok, all tests passed. That's a wrap folks!

Assistant2026-05-05T01:50:19.430Z

Nice — full GCP support shipped end-to-end: provider, terminology cleanup, e2e harness, all green. Enjoy the rest of your day.

User2026-05-05T01:51:50.634Z

Caveat: The messages below were generated by the user while running local commands. DO NOT respond to these messages or otherwise consider them in your response unless the user explicitly asks you to.

User2026-05-05T01:51:50.633Z

/exit exit

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